Log in Sign up. How can we help? What is your email? Upgrade to remove ads. These were developed to gather the savings from the middle class to support finance colonies. London Company and Plymouth Company. The Iroquois Confederacy was nearly a military power consisting of Mohawks, Oneidas, Cayugas, and Senecas. IT was founded in the late s.

The leaders were Degana Widah and Hiawatha. The Indians lived in log houses with relatives. Men dominated, but a person's background was determined by the women's family. Different groups banded together but were separate fur traders and fur suppliers. Other groups joined; they would ally with either the French or the English depending on which would be the most to their advantage. A system of inheritance in which the eldest son in a family received all of his father's land.

The nobility remained powerful and owned land, while the 2nd and 3rd sons were forced to seek fortune elsewhere. Many of them turned to the New World for their financial purposes and individual wealth. A legal document that allowed all Christian religions in Maryland: Protestants invaded the Catholics in around Maryland: Maryland became the 1 colony to shelter Catholics in the New World.

A document given to the founders of a colony by the monarch that allows for special privileges and establishes a general relationship of one of three types: Royal Charters guaranteed that colonists would have "rights as all Englishmen". Started Georgia as a haven for people in debt because of his interest in prison reform.

Almost single-handedly kept Georgia afloat. Chief of the Powhatan Confederacy and father to Pocahontas. At the time of the English settlement of Jamestown in , he was a friend to John Smith and John Rolfe. When Smith was captured by Indians, Powhatan left Smith's fate in the hands of his warriors.

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His daughter saved John Smith, and the Jamestown colony. Pocahontas and John Rolfe were wed, and there was a time of peace between the Indians and English until Powhatan's death. Mayflower Compact - A contract made by the voyagers on the Mayflower agreeing that they would form a simple government where majority ruled.

In the Connecticut River colony settlers had an open meeting and they established a constitution called the Fundamental Orders. It made a Democratic government. It was the first constitution in the colonies and was a beginning for the other states' charters and constitutions. Pilgrims that started out in Holland in the 's who traveled over the Atlantic Ocean on the Mayflower. These were the purest, most extreme Pilgrims existing, claiming that they were too strong to be discouraged by minor problems as others were.

In the 's England restricted the colonies; They couldn't trade with other countries. The colonies were only allowed to trade with England. They were a group of religious reformists who wanted to "purify" the Anglican Church. Their ideas started with John Calvin in the 16th century and they first began to leave England in Later voyages came in with the Pilgrims and in , which was the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

Separatists; worried by "Dutchification" of their children they left Holland on the Mayflower in ; they landed in Massachusetts; they proved that people could live in the new world. Set of beliefs that the Puritans followed. In the 's John Calvin, the founder of Calvinism, preached virtues of simple worship, strict morals, pre-destination and hard work.

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This resulted in Calvinist followers wanting to practice religion, and it brought about wars between Huguenots French Calvinists and Catholics, that tore the French kingdom apart. One of the first settlements in New England; established in and became a major Puritan colony. Became the state of Massachusetts, originally where Boston is located. It was a major trading center, and absorbed the Plymouth community. Bay Colony in the 's to become the first governor and to led a religious experiment.

He once said, "we shall be a city on a hill. A religious dissenter whose ideas provoked an intense religious and political crisis in the Massachusetts Bay Colony between and She challenged the principles of Massachusetts's religious and political system. Her ideas became known as the heresy of Antinomianism, a belief that Christians are not bound by moral law.

She was latter expelled, with her family and followers, and went and settled at Pocasset now Portsmouth, R. He was banished from the Massachusetts Bay Colony for challenging Puritan ideas. He later established Rhode Island and helped it to foster religious toleration.

In , Bacon, a young planter led a rebellion against people who were friendly to the Indians. In the process he torched Jamestown, Virginia and was murdered by Indians. A Puritan church document; In , the Halfway Covenant allowed partial membership rights to persons not yet converted into the Puritan church; It lessened the difference between the "elect" members of the church from the regular members; Women soon made up a larger portion of Puritan congregations.

A British law passed in to change a trade pattern in the American colonies by taxing molasses imported into colonies not ruled by Britain. Americans responded to this attempt to damage their international trade by bribing and smuggling.

Their protest of this and other laws led to revolution. Old and New Lights. In the early 's, old lights were simply orthodox members of the clergy who believed that the new ways of revivals and emotional preaching were unnecessary. New lights were the more modern- thinking members of the clergy who strongly believed in the Great Awakening.

These conflicting opinions changed certain denominations, helped popularize missionary work and assisted in the founding educational centers now known as Ivy League schools. Born around , Wheatley was a slave girl who became a poet. At age eight, she was brought to Boston. Although she had no formal education, Wheatley was taken to England at age twenty and published a book of poetry. Wheatley died in They were a group of Scots-Irish men living in the Appalachian hills that wanted protection from Indian attacks.

They made an armed march on Philadelphia in They protested the lenient way that the Quakers treated the Indians. Their ideas started the Regulator Movement in North Carolina. The Great Awakening was a religious revival held in the 's and 's to motivate the colonial America.

Motivational speakers such as Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield helped to bring Americans together. Whitefield came into the picture in during the Great Awakening, which was a religious revival that spread through all of the colonies. He was a great preacher who had recently been an alehouse attendant.

Everyone in the colonies loved to hear him preach of love and forgiveness because he had a different style of preaching. This led to new missionary work in the Americas in converting Indians and Africans to Christianity, as well as lessening the importance of the old clergy.

The Huguenots were a groups of French Protestants that lived from about to Protestantism was introduced into France between and , and the principles were accepted by many members of the nobility, the intellectual classes, and the middle class.

At first the new religious group was royally protected, but toward the end of the reign of King Francis I they were persecuted.

Nevertheless, they continued to grow. French and Indian War. Was a war fought by French and English on American soil over control of the Ohio River Valley-- English defeated French in A conference in the United States Colonial history form June 19 through July 11, in Albany New York. It advocated a union of the British colonies for their security and defense against French Held by the British Board of Trade to help cement the loyalty of the Iroquois League. After receiving presents, provisions and promises of Redress of grievances.

The Proclamation of was an English law enacted after gaining territory from the French at the end of the French and Indian War. It forbade the colonists from settling beyond the Appalachian Mountains. The Colonists were no longer proud to be British citizens after the enactment.

The Proclamation of caused the first major revolt against the British. William Pitt was a British leader from He was a leader in the London government, and earned himself the name, "Organizer of Victory".

He led and won a war against Quebec. Pittsburgh was named after him. The Acts passed in , following the Boston Tea Party, that were considered unfair because they were designed to chastise Boston in particular, yet effected all the colonies by the Boston Port Act which closed Boston Harbor until damages were paid.

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The name Continental is associated to two congresses. The first is in and the second is in They both take place in Philadelphia.

This was the beginning of our national union. Samuel Adams started the first committee in Boston in to spread propaganda and secret information by way of letters. They were used to sustain opposition to British policy. The committees were extremely effective and a few years later almost every colony had one. This is another example of the colonies breaking away from Europe to become Americans. Between late s and the early s, the British passed a series of laws to put pressure on the colonists mostly tax laws.

These laws are known as the Navigation Acts. In , the English Parliament repealed the Stamp Act and at the same time signed the Declaratory Act.

This document stated that Parliament had the right "to bind" the colonies "in all cases whatsoever. Also, it restarted trade with England, which had temporarily stopped as a defiant reaction to the Stamp Act. The Sugar Act was the first law ever passed by Parliament.

The act was put in place for raising revenue in the colonies for the crown. It increased the duties on foreign sugar, mainly from the West Indies. After protests from the colonists, the duties were lowered. In "Champagne Charley" Townshend persuaded Parliament to pass the Townshend Acts. These acts put a light import duty on such things as glass, lead, paper, and tea. The acts met slight protest from the colonists, who found ways around the taxes such as buying smuggled tea.

Due to its minute profits, the Townshend Acts were repealed in , except for the tax on tea. The tax on tea was kept to keep alive the principle of Parliamentary taxation.

Theory that claimed that every member of Parliament represented all British subjects, even those Americans in Boston or Charleston who had never voted for a member of the London Parliament. After the French and Indian War, the English had claim the Quebec Region, a French speaking colony. Because of the cultural difference, English had a dilemma on what to do with the region.

The Quebec Act, passed in , allow the French Colonist to go back freely to their own customs. The colonists have the right to have access to the Catholic religion freely. Also, it extended to Quebec Region north and south into the Ohio River Valley.

This act created more tension between the colonists and the British which lead to the American Revolution. According to this doctrine, the colonies existed for the benefit of the mother country; they should add to its wealth, prosperity, and self-sufficiency.

The settlers were regarded more or less as tenants. They were expected to produce tobacco and other products needed in England and not to bother their heads with dangerous experiments in agriculture or self-government. Treaty of Paris of The British recognized the independence of the United States. It granted boundaries, which stretched from the Mississippi on the west, to the Great Lakes on the north, and to Spanish Florida on the south.

The Yankees retained a share of Newfoundland. It greatly upset the Canadians. John Jay was the First Chief Justice of the United States, and also an American statesman and jurist. Serving as governor of New York State from to , he was a advocate of a strong national government.

The Second Continental Congress met in Philadelphia on May 10, Three delegates added to the Congress were Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, and John Hancock. The Congress took on governmental duties. United all the colonies for the war effort. They selected George Washington as Commander in Chief. They encouraged the colonies to set themselves up as states. On July 4, they adopted the Declaration of Independence. The Congress ended March 1, when a Congress authorized by the Articles of Confederation took over.

The articles, written by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison, were a way for the writers to express their belief that it is better to have a stronger central government. The papers turned out to be a penetrating commentary written on the Constitution.

People against federalists in ; disagreed with the Constitution because they believed people's rights were being taken away without a Bill of Rights; also did not agree with annual elections and the non-existence of God in the government.

An uprising that flared up in western Massachusetts. Impoverished backcountry farmers, many of them Revolutionary war veterans, were losing their farms through mortgage foreclosures and tax delinquencies. They demanded cheap paper money, lighter taxes, and a suspension of mortgage fore closures. Hundreds of angry agitators attempted to enforce these demands. Massachusetts authorities, supported by wealthy citizens, raised a small army under General Lincoln.

A United States political party consisting of the more respectable citizens of the time; Federalists lived along the eastern seaboard in the 's; believed in advocating a strong federal government and fought for the adoption of the United States Constitution in The first "constitution" governing the Untied States after the Revolution; it was ratified in and it provided for a "firm league of friendship;" the legislative branch Congress had no power to regulate commerce or forcibly collect taxes and there was no national executive or judicial branch; it was an important stepping-stone towards the present constitution because without it the states would never have consented to the Constitution.

Land Ordinance of A red letter law which stated that disputed land the Old Northwest was to be equally divided into townships and sold for federal income; promoted education and ended confusing legal disagreements over land. The Northwest Ordinance took place in They said that sections of land were similar to colonies for a while, and under the control of the Federal Government.

Once a territory was inhabited by 60, then congress would admit it as a state. The original thirteen colonies were charters. Slavery was prohibited in these Northwest Territories. This plan worked so good it became the model for other frontier areas. The Great Compromise resolved that there would be representation by population in the House of Representatives, and equal representation would exist in the Senate.

Each state, regardless of size, would have 2 senators. All tax bills and revenues would originate in the House.

This compromise combined the needs of both large and small states and formed a fair and sensible resolution to their problems.

The theory of Republicanism was that the government was under the authority of the people it governs.

The power in the peoples hand's is the basis for Democracy. The writers of the constitution used the Republicanism theory. Battle of Fallen Timber. An attack made by American General "Mad Anthony Wayne" against invading Indians from the northwest. The defeat of the Indians ended the alliance made with the British and Indians. The Farewell Address was a document by George Washington in , when he retired from office. It wasn't given orally, but was printed in newspapers.

It did not concern foreign affairs; most of it was devoted to domestic problems. He stressed that we should stay away from permanent alliances with foreign countries; temporary alliances wouldn't be quite as dangerous, but they should be made only in "extraordinary emergencies".

He also spoke against partisan bitterness. The document was rejected by the Jeffersonians, who favored the alliance with France.